Diphtheria is common in children with acute respiratory tract infection, significantly reduced after vaccination rates. Due to the baby from mother\'s antibodies, less of onset. Antibodies disappeared after 10 months, so the occurrence of 1-5 more. After the vaccination, onset age backward, in pathogenesis of children, the majority.
Diphtheria is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Asymptomatic carriers of diphtheria patients and with germs, is the source. Bacteria exists in the nasopharynx of patients and carriers, talking, when coughing or sneezing, germs with droplet discharge, by breathing into the nasopharynx. Bacteria can also be contaminated after appliances, appliances, and onset. Germs can also cut through the skin, or pathogen contamination of food, by oral infection.
After the bacteria inside the body, may not all be sick. Vaccination against most of the children shall not disease; body strong, resistant to strong children sometimes can not. In addition, there is illness light symptoms is not obvious. After playing against, such as in vivo antibody levels dropped to if no preventive effect, you can still get sick again. Children are sick, some children this is the case.
After diphtheria bacilli invade the upper respiratory tract, on the mucous membranes of the nose, pharynx, larynx in this cell growth and reproduction, and produces an exotoxin. Generally the invasiveness of the diphtheria Bacillus weak, rarely penetrated deep tissue and blood, so no bacteremia. However, systemic many organs lesions occur when suffering from diphtheria, caused what disease? Can not be the direct effects of the bacteria, but outside of bacterial toxins. Produces Exotoxin in the upper respiratory tract lesion, is absorbed into the blood, can occur in patients with HIV. Combination of toxins and organization, causing tissue necrosis occurs, and especially on cardiac, peripheral nerve and kidney effects.
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